12/14 (Tue.) Looking for a "good life"? (Host: Julian)

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Julian
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12/14 (Tue.) Looking for a "good life"? (Host: Julian)

文章 Julian »

Dear Yoyos,

Without digging the philosophical connotation too much, the most of people in my opinion are looking for a 'good life'. Spending a big chunk of time in job trying to make good income, grabbing power & more money, enabling better foods, clothes, house and entertainment etc,. But does a mundane "good life" really make us better? What is better? And how do you define a "bad life" from a good one?

Collins COBUILD English dictionary gives explanation as follow:
= If you say that someone is living the good life, you mean that they are living in comfort and luxury with few problems or worries.

And according to Merriam-Webster dictionary, the definition of the good life:
1. US: the kind of life that people with a lot of money are able to have, eg, She grew up poor, but now she's living the good life.
2. a happy and enjoyable life, eg, She gave up a good job in the city to move to the country in search of the good life.

In the coming Tuesday evening we have the chance to exchange our ideas, perceptions about this issue. No worries for having less inspiration as we are all learners throughout our life time.
最後由 Julian 於 週日 12月 12, 2021 7:47 pm 編輯,總共編輯了 4 次。
銀藍色.象牙海岸的月光~雀躍著沉寂中的寧靜..
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Julian
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Re: 12/14 (Tue.) Looking for a "good life"? (Host: Julian)

文章 Julian »

What Does It Mean to Live the Good Life? By Emrys Westacott Updated on February 25, 2020
https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-the-good-life-4038226

What is “the good life”? This is one of the oldest philosophical questions. It has been posed in different ways—How should one live? What does it mean to “live well”?—but these are really just the same question. After all, everyone wants to live well, and no one wants “the bad life.”

But the question isn’t as simple as it sounds. Philosophers specialize in unpacking hidden complexities, and the concept of the good life is one of those that needs quite a bit of unpacking.

The Moral Life
One basic way we use the word “good” is to express moral approval. So when we say someone is living well or that they have lived a good life, we may simply mean that they are a good person, someone who is courageous, honest, trustworthy, kind, selfless, generous, helpful, loyal, principled, and so on.

They possess and practice many of the most important virtues. And they don’t spend all their time merely pursuing their own pleasure; they devote a certain amount of time to activities that benefit others, perhaps through their engagement with family and friends, or through their work, or through various voluntary activities.

This moral conception of the good life has had plenty of champions. Socrates and Plato both gave absolute priority to being a virtuous person over all other supposedly good things such as pleasure, wealth, or power.

In Plato’s dialogue Gorgias, Socrates takes this position to an extreme. He argues that it is much better to suffer wrong than to do it; that a good man who has his eyes gouged out and is tortured to death is more fortunate than a corrupt person who has used wealth and power dishonorably.

In his masterpiece, the Republic, Plato develops this argument in greater detail. The morally good person, he claims, enjoys a sort of inner harmony, whereas the wicked person, no matter how rich and powerful he may be or how many pleasure he enjoys, is disharmonious, fundamentally at odds with himself and the world.

Many religions also conceive of the good life in moral terms as a life lived according to God’s laws. A person who lives this way—obeying the commandments and performing the proper rituals—is pious. And in most religions, such piety will be rewarded. Obviously, many people do not receive their reward in this life.

But devout believers are confident that their piety will not be in vain. Christian martyrs went singing to their deaths confident that they would soon be in heaven. Hindus expect that the law of karma will ensure that their good deeds and intentions will be rewarded, while evil actions and desires will be punished, either in this life or in future lives.

The Life of Pleasure
The ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus was one of the first to declare, bluntly, that what makes life worth living is that we can experience pleasure. Pleasure is enjoyable, it’s fun, it’s...well...pleasant! The view that pleasure is the good, or, to put I another way, that pleasure is what makes life worth living, is known as hedonism.

The word “hedonist,” when applied to a person, has slightly negative connotations. It suggests that they are devoted to what some have called the “lower” pleasures such as sex, food, drink, and sensual indulgence in general.

Epicurus was thought by some of his contemporaries to be advocating and practicing this sort of lifestyle, and even today an “epicure” is someone who is especially appreciative of food and drink. But this is a misrepresentation of Epicureanism. Epicurus certainly praised all kinds of pleasures. But he didn’t advocate that we lose ourselves in sensual debauchery for various reasons:

Doing so will probably reduce our pleasures in the long run since over-indulgence tends to cause health problems and limit the range of pleasure we enjoy.
The so-called “higher” pleasures such as friendship and study are at least as important as “pleasures of the flesh."
The good life has to be virtuous. Although Epicurus disagreed with Plato about the value of pleasure, he fully agreed with him on this point.

Today, this hedonistic conception of the good life is arguably dominant in Western culture. Even in everyday speech, if we say someone is “living the good life,” we probably mean that they enjoying lots of recreational pleasures: good food, good wine, skiing, scuba diving, lounging by the pool in the sun with a cocktail and a beautiful partner.

What is key to this hedonistic conception of the good life is that it emphasizes subjective experiences. On this view, to describe a person as “happy” means that they “feel good,” and a happy life is one that contains many “feel good” experiences.

The Fulfilled Life
If Socrates emphasizes virtue and Epicurus emphasizes pleasure, another great Greek thinker, Aristotle, views the good life in a more comprehensive way. According to Aristotle, we all want to be happy.

We value many things because they are a means to other things. For instance, we value money because it enables us to buy things we want; we value leisure because it gives us time to pursue our interests. But happiness is something we value not as a means to some other end but for its own sake. It has intrinsic value rather than instrumental value.

So for Aristotle, the good life is a happy life. But what does that mean? Today, many people automatically think of happiness in subjectivist terms: To them, a person is happy if they are enjoying a positive state of mind, and their life is happy if this is true for them most of the time.

There is a problem with this way of thinking about happiness in this way, though. Imagine a powerful sadist who spends much of his time gratifying cruel desires. Or imagine a pot-smoking, beer-guzzling couch potato who does nothing but sit around all day watching old TV shows and playing video games. These people may have plenty of pleasurable subjective experiences. But should we really describe them as “living well”?

Aristotle would certainly say no. He agrees with Socrates that to live the good life one must be a morally good person. And he agrees with Epicurus that a happy life will involve many and varied pleasurable experiences. We can’t really say someone is living the good life if they are often miserable or constantly suffering.

But Aristotle’s idea of what it means to live well is objectivist rather than subjectivist. It isn’t just a matter of how a person feels inside, although that does matter. It’s also important that certain objective conditions be satisfied.

For instance:

Virtue: They must be morally virtuous.
Health: They should enjoy good health and reasonably long life.
Prosperity: They should be comfortably off (for Aristotle this meant affluent enough so that they don’t need to work for a living doing something that they would not freely choose to do.)
Friendship: They must have good friends. According to Aristotle human beings are innately social; so the good life can’t be that of a hermit, a recluse, or a misanthrope.
Respect: They should enjoy the respect of others. Aristotle doesn’t think that fame or glory is necessary; in fact, a craving for fame can lead people astray, just as the desire for excessive wealth can. But ideally, a person’s qualities and achievements will be recognized by others.
Luck: They need good luck. This is an example of Aristotle’s common sense. Any life can be rendered unhappy by tragic loss or misfortune.
Engagement: They must exercise their uniquely human abilities and capacities. This is why the couch potato is not living well, even if they report that they are content. Aristotle argues that what separates human beings from the other animals is the human reason. So the good life is one in which a person cultivates and exercises their rational faculties by, for instance, engaging in scientific inquiry, philosophical discussion, artistic creation, or legislation. Were he alive today he might well include some forms of technological innovation.
If at the end of your life you can check all these boxes then you could reasonably claim to have lived well, to have achieved the good life. Of course, the great majority of people today do not belong to the leisure class as Aristotle did. They have to work for a living.

But it’s still true that we think the ideal circumstance is to be doing for a living what you would choose to do anyway. So people who are able to pursue their calling are generally regarded as extremely fortunate.

The Meaningful Life
Recent research shows that people who have children are not necessarily happier than people who don’t have children. Indeed, during the child-raising years, and especially when children have turned into teenagers, parents typically have lower levels of happiness and higher levels of stress. But even though having children may not make people happier, it does seem to give them the sense that their lives are more meaningful.

For many people, the well-being of their family, especially their children and grandchildren, is the main source of meaning in life. This outlook goes back a very long way. In ancient times, the definition of good fortune was to have lots of children who do well for themselves.

But obviously, there can be other sources of meaning in a person’s life. They may, for instance, pursue a particular kind of work with great dedication: e.g. scientific research, artistic creation, or scholarship. They may devote themselves to a cause: e.g. fighting against racism or protecting the environment. Or they may be thoroughly immersed in and engaged with some particular community: e.g. a church, a soccer team, or a school.

The Finished Life
The Greeks had a saying: Call no man happy until he’s dead. There is wisdom in this. In fact, one might want to amend it to: Call no man happy until he’s long dead. For sometimes a person can appear to live a fine life, and be able to check all the boxes—virtue, prosperity, friendship, respect, meaning, etc.—yet eventually be revealed as something other than what we thought they were.

A good example of this Jimmy Saville, the British TV personality who was much admired in his lifetime but who, after he died, was exposed as a serial sexual predator.

Cases like this bring out the great advantage of an objectivist rather than a subjectivist notion of what it means to live well. Jimmy Saville may have enjoyed his life. But surely, we would not want to say that he lived the good life. A truly good life is one that is both enviable and admirable in all or most of the ways outlined above.
最後由 Julian 於 週日 12月 12, 2021 7:47 pm 編輯,總共編輯了 6 次。
銀藍色.象牙海岸的月光~雀躍著沉寂中的寧靜..
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Julian
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Re: 12/14 (Tue.) Looking for a "good life"? (Host: Julian)

文章 Julian »

Suggested question for Session I:

Q1. What is 'good life' or 'live well' in your definition? Are you enjoying your life at the moment?
Q2. Without daily stress, easy & comfortable lives seem to sell best/be the first choice of many people. Is there anything wrong with that? (Doesn't easy comfortable lives worth all our time? Why not?)
Q3. What is 'pleasure of life' to you? Does it has different level? What is your opinion regarding the pursuing of pleasures?
Q4. Do you agree Epicurus, the ancient Greek philosopher, that what makes life worth living is that we can experience pleasure? How do you think about the hedonism and Epicureanism and their conception of good lives.
Q5. According to the listed paragraph, the term 'good' comes with both material and moral sense. Can a good life live without morality in your opinion? Is that necessary?


Suggested question for Session II:

Q6. Do you agree with Aristotle, the good life is a happy life? And given all the efforts that we end up in pursuing happiness, that it has the more intrinsic value more than instrumental value.
Q7. Without disrespect, can we describe people that pot-smoking, beer-guzzling, playing games all day yet doing nothing but simply having subjective good time, as "live well"?
Q8. According to Aristotle, there are some boxes to tick to call it a fulfilled life/live well, such as Virtue, Health, Prosperity, Friendship, Respect, Luck, Engagement…etc., Do you agree? Anything to add or omit?
Q9. Does it worthwhile to pursue a meaningful life? What is a meaningful life in your opinion? Is there a meaning for all the beings/human existence?
Q10. Do you agree a truly good life is one that is both enviable and admirable in all or most of the ways outlined above?
最後由 Julian 於 週日 12月 12, 2021 7:44 pm 編輯,總共編輯了 1 次。
銀藍色.象牙海岸的月光~雀躍著沉寂中的寧靜..
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Rock
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Re: 12/14 (Tue.) Looking for a "good life"? (Host: Julian)

文章 Rock »

Great topic for everybody.

Now, at my age, I see life as a movie that someone chose for me. I am invited to participate in it, but mostly it's not written by me. Looking for a good life seems like a mission that would never end, because there are always ups and downs.
In matters of style, swim with the current; in matters of principle, stand like a rock.
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Laura
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Re: 12/14 (Tue.) Looking for a "good life"? (Host: Julian)

文章 Laura »

Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance
you must keep moving ! ~ Einstein

Good Life ?! :roll:
The best teacher is child,
the worst mistake for one is to abandon oneself,
the greatest treasure in the world is love!
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Julian
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Re: 12/14 (Tue.) Looking for a "good life"? (Host: Julian)

文章 Julian »

Rock 寫:
週三 12月 08, 2021 9:56 am
Great topic for everybody.

Now, at my age, I see life as a movie that someone chose for me. I am invited to participate in it, but mostly it's not written by me. Looking for a good life seems like a mission that would never end, because there are always ups and downs.
Aristotle referring good life as a 'Happy life', and you looked quite happy. :)
I guess that's good enough to me.
銀藍色.象牙海岸的月光~雀躍著沉寂中的寧靜..
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Julian
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Re: 12/14 (Tue.) Looking for a "good life"? (Host: Julian)

文章 Julian »

Laura 寫:
週三 12月 08, 2021 8:56 pm
Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance
you must keep moving ! ~ Einstein

Good Life ?! :roll:
Good Life! if you believe have the balance. :lol:
銀藍色.象牙海岸的月光~雀躍著沉寂中的寧靜..
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Julian
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Re: 12/14 (Tue.) Looking for a "good life"? (Host: Julian)

文章 Julian »

Julian 寫:
週三 12月 08, 2021 5:14 am
What Does It Mean to Live the Good Life? By Emrys Westacott Updated on February 25, 2020 https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-the-good-life-4038226

Suggested questions updated above.
銀藍色.象牙海岸的月光~雀躍著沉寂中的寧靜..
Sherry Liao
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註冊時間: 週五 12月 07, 2007 12:15 pm

Re: 12/14 (Tue.) Looking for a "good life"? (Host: Julian)

文章 Sherry Liao »

For most of the ordinary people, in my opinion, the sense of good life is not an absolute value, but a result of comparison with people they know, the so-called “keeping up with the Joneses”. People usually feel they are better off when their lives compare better with their neighbors, relatives, colleagues, classmates, or even friends.

This is particularly prominent when all the relatives get together in, say, lunar new year holidays. I recall the numerous get-togethers when relatives talked about whose son or grandson went to the best school, got the highest pay, gave birth to the most children (???), and the laureates were usually complimented as having a “good life (好命)”.

This is resonant with the idea in the article Julian provided that children and grandchildren are the main source of meaning in life. Having children who are doing well more or less provides a sense of accomplishment. Because, sarcastically, we have heard plenty of anomalous stories that the child who is doing best is usually the one who is less likely to reciprocate for his or her parents.
Michael-liu
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Re: 12/14 (Tue.) Looking for a "good life"? (Host: Julian)

文章 Michael-liu »

Sherry, exactly, very good point.

I wonder why we human beings like to compare our own life with others. Animals do not do that. The reason might bě human beings are social animals.

BTW, Sherry, I think the right word is "ironically", not "sarcastically". I dare to point out, because I think we are good friends. 呵呵^^
Sherry Liao
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Re: 12/14 (Tue.) Looking for a "good life"? (Host: Julian)

文章 Sherry Liao »

Michael-liu 寫:
週二 12月 14, 2021 12:08 pm
BTW, Sherry, I think the right word is "ironically", not "sarcastically". I dare to point out, because I think we are good friends. 呵呵^^
You are right, Michael! Haven’t practiced my English for a while, and I guess it’s time I get back to yoyo to polish my rusty English… :cccry:
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